Makieu, Peter2026-10-192026-09-30Makieu, P., Massaquoi, S. M., Kamara, S., Howe, A. S., Kargbo, M., Hinneh, D. K., & Kabia, A. J. (2026). Digital Transformation and Crop Production in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Dynamic Panel Data Analysis. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 26(10), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2026/v26i1076410.9734/ajaar/2026/v26i10764https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2026/v26i10764https://dspace.njala.edu.sl/handle/20.500.144402/217Digital transformation can reduce information frictions and expand access to markets, extension services, and financial tools, but its relationship with agricultural outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remains sensitive to measurement and econometric specification. This study examines the association between a connectivity-based Digital Transformation Index (DTI) and crop production in 40 SSA countries over 2000-2022 (N = 769 country-year observations). The DTI combines mobile-cellular subscriptions, internet use, and fixed-broadband subscriptions, while the outcome is the natural logarithm of the FAO Crop Production Index (2014-2016 = 100), an aggregate production index rather than an input-normalised productivity measure. Entity fixed effects (FE) provide the main static estimate, while pooled OLS, random effects, two-way FE, System GMM, Difference GMM, component-level models, income-group estimates, and a quadratic specification are used for sensitivity analysis. Entity FE yields a positive DTI coefficient (beta = 0.948, p < 0.001), whereas the estimate is smaller and only marginally significant with year effects (beta = 0.523, p = 0.095). In the dynamic models, System GMM produces a positive but imprecise DTI estimate (beta = 0.031, p = 0.409), while Difference GMM yields a negative and imprecise estimate (beta = -0.059, p = 0.581). Separate income-group FE models show a larger coefficient in low-income countries (beta = 1.841) than in lower-middle- and upper-middle-income groups (approximately 0.48), although no formal cross-group coefficient-equality test is reported. The quadratic FE specification is concave and implies a sample-specific turning point near DTI = 0.709, located in the upper tail of the observed distribution. Overall, the results support a positive long-horizon within-country association in the static FE model, but the weaker time-controlled and dynamic estimates warrant cautious, non-causal interpretation.enCC BY 4.0https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0digital transformationArticle