School-wide publications
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace.njala.edu.sl/handle/20.500.144402/177
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Item Corruption Trends and Graft Control Progress in Sierra Leone: Study of Causes and Remedies(International Foundation for Research and Development, 2022-05-24) Fayiah, MosesCorruption continues to affect the vast majority of Sierra Leoneans and is regarded as the greatest culprit of poverty, inequality and social cohesion. This publication shed light on corruption trends, control measures, causes, development implications and remedies for combating corruption in Sierra Leone. The data for this article was sourced from secondary/desk review. The secondary data sources were mainly from published articles, government reports, Acts, policies, workshops and conference proceedings, newspaper commentary, Transparency International Annual Reports, Truth and Reconciliation Commission Reports, and NGOs among others. Key words like corruption in Sierra Leone, causes of corruption, negative effects of corruption and bribery, and control measures of corruption were used to search for relevant information. Specifically, the study revealed that corruption was more prevalent from 2003 to 2018 but declined from 2018 to 2021. Most corruption cases in Sierra Leone arise from the abuse of public offices for private gains. Furthermore, systemic analysis of literature showed that corruption arises as a result of low salary wages, political ambition and other sociological factors. From 2019 to 2021, Sierra Leone has made remarkable progress and is been rated below Africa’s corruption average. This might be attributed to the various reforms and the pre-conviction corrupt asset recovery strategy adopted and the massive public outreach and awareness-raising drive adopted by the commission. It is recommended that the Anti-Corruption Commission of Sierra Leone be adequately empowered to go after any individual engaged in corrupt practices regardless of social status, ethnicity, political connection and wealth. It further recommended that the Anti-Corruption Commissioner appointment should not be political but by integrity and sound track record of citizens.Item Uncovering Maqoshid Sharia: Safeguarding Ethics in Islamic Economics(Inovasi Analisis Data, 2024-06-02) Kaira, LaminThis study investigates the relationship between maqoshid sharia and economic practices in Indonesia, aiming to provide insights into how Islamic principles can contribute to sustainable and inclusive economic development. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology grounded in post-positivism, the study examines 89 publications from 2019 to 2023, employing descriptive statistics and an inductive approach to ensure nuanced interpretations. The research highlights the role of maqoshid sharia in adapting Islamic law to contemporary social dynamics, promoting human welfare, and guiding sharia application in economic practices. It categorizes maqoshid sharia into Dharuriyat (necessities), Hajiyat (needs), and Tahsiniyat (enhancements), emphasizing their importance in achieving socio-economic justice. Key contributions in the field include studies on corporate social responsibility, Islamic banking performance, and the foundations of Islamic finance. A bibliometric analysis with VOSViewer maps the development of maqoshid sharia research, identifying major clusters and collaboration patterns among authors. Overall, this study underscores the critical role of maqoshid sharia in shaping ethical economic practices in Indonesia, offering a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between religion, ethics, and economics in a multicultural context, with significant implications for public policy and economic strategies.Item Ideology in Thompson’s, Kailey’s, and Robin-Coker’s collections of poems: A psychoanalytical exploration(Islamic University of Malang, 2023-12-30) Thulla, Philip Foday YambaThis study employed psychoanalytic theory to delve into the ways Sierra Leonean poets Celia Eva Beatrice Thompson, Princess Mildred Kailey, and Kayode Adesimi Robin-Coker explored themes of despair, lust, and loss in their poetry. Addressing a notable gap in literary criticism, especially regarding Sierra Leonean authors, the research sought to raise the international stature of African writers and support students facing challenges with poetry in West African public exams. Employing psychoanalytic principles, the study uncovered deeper meanings behind the unconscious drives and emotions in these poets' works. It involved analyzing the occurrence of themes, detecting psychoanalytically significant lines and phrases, and identifying central themes and literary techniques used to express complex emotions. The analysis, which combined thematic and literary analysis, focused on the language, themes, and use of figurative language, diction, and other poetic devices in Thompson's 23, Kailey's 41, and Robin-Coker's 20 poems. This approach highlighted their distinct ways of depicting despair, lust, and loss. By integrating thematic analysis, the study offered a more profound comprehension of each poet's style. Ultimately, this psychoanalytic exploration aimed to enhance critical interpretation skills and helped in understanding the deeper psychological aspects of Sierra Leonean and other African poetry.Item The Impact of Covid-19 on Petty Traders in Bo City Markets, Southern Sierra Leone(IISTE, 2022-04-01) Sheriff, SualihoThe study primarily intended to assess the impact of Covid-19 on petty trading businesses in Bo City Central Markets in the Southern Sierra Leone. The specific objectives of the study were: i) to analyze the turnover/sales volume of Covid-19 outbreak ii) to analyze the implications of Covid-19 on petty traders in Bo central markets iii) to identify the factors influencing petty traders in Bo City Markets iii) to assess the impact of Covid-19 recovery package in Bo City Central Markets. The methods of data collection include; questionnaire administration and interview guide with the target population of (250) petty traders that represents a sample size of (200) businesses/respondents selected from 10 (ten) central markets in Bo City using stratified random sampling technique. The study adopted a descriptive and mixed method design, and the results/findings discussed in qualitative and quantitative methods. The results converted using, SPSS, tables, frequencies, and percentages. The key findings include: (95%) of petty trading businesses are registered, (95%) complied with Covid-19 control measures, (23%) turnover/sales volume low, (46.5%) average sales/turnover, (4.5%) turnover not reasonable, while (90.5%) of the businesses have been negatively impacted in Bo City Central Markets. Conclusively, the curtailment strategies of Covid-19 have led to the negative impact of the virus on the reduction of sales volume turnover with the adverse effect on profitability, liquidity and equity position of the petty trading businesses. It is also recommended that the Central Government, and other partners should ensure that the Covid-19 recovery package being monitored and equitably distributed, reduction of taxes, ease of restrictions, micro-finance scheme to aid businesses in Bo City Central Markets. **Keywords:** Petty Traders, Covid-19 Pandemic, Business, Markets, Bo City DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/13-8-03 Publication date: April 30 th 2022Item The Rate of Reading Poverty After the COVID-19 Pandemic School Shutdown and Specific Intervention Strategies for Lower Primary School Pupils in the Southern Province and Western Area of Sierra Leone(Academy Publication, 2022-07-01) Thulla, Philip Foday YambaThe study investigates the rate of reading poverty after the COVID-19 pandemic school shutdown and specific intervention strategies for lower primary school pupils in the southern province and western area of Sierra Leone. Randomised experiments of mixed-methods reading interventions for 100 struggling readers in class 5 and 20 English teachers selected from 10 primary schools (5 in the south and 5 in the Western Area) were carried out. The rate of reading poverty and proficiency was first determined in the selected classes using the Access Center method of reading assessment. Two intervention strategies were administered, and the scores for each intervention strategy were measured and compared. The findings reveal that over 70% of the pupils tested in reading in the south mispronounced or skipped five or more words when reading. The overall scores for pupils in the Western Area were relatively lower (a majority scoring less than 30%). The READ 180 reading intervention strategy is recommended to be introduced as the preferred teaching method at the pre-primary and primary school levels in Sierra Leone because of its proven potentiality to increase reading proficiency more than the popular Direct-teaching Model.Item Reflection of Al-Ghazali’s business ethics for tax consultants(State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo Semarang, 2023-11-16) Fachrezzi, Bima RaflyPurpose - The purpose of this study was to explore the application of the values of Al-Ghazali Islamic business ethics to tax consultants in Indonesia and to compare them with the Indonesian Tax Consultant Professional Code of Ethics.Method - This research approach uses phenomenology. There were 3 informants interviewed in the study consisting of tax consultants who are Muslim in Indonesia, fiscal authorities who are Muslim in Indonesia, and experts in the Islamic religion.Result - This research gives the result that the principle of integrity can be expanded in terms of its definition and meaning with the mujahadah component in Al-Mizan, so that the integrity referred to here is trying to keep away bad traits that are prohibited in Islam. Moreover, on the concept of al ihya', tax consultants have a main orientation to profit and the motivation to help taxpayers is still limited to improving the image of their consulting services business.Implication - The concept of Islamic Business Ethics by Al-Ghazali is a broader and deeper ethic so it is very appropriate if it is adapted to the Indonesian Tax Consultant Code of Ethics, especially regarding responsibility and motivation as servants of God.Originality - This research is the first study that used a phenomenological approach in uncovering the reflection of the concept of Islamic business ethics by Al-Ghazali on the implementation of a tax consultant's code of ethics.Item Assessing Management Supports to the Internal Audit System in Bo District Council, Sierra Leone(Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2022-05-17) Sheriff, SualihoThe study intended to assess one of the daunting challenges facing the effective operations of Local Councils in Sierra Leone particularly the Bo District Council is the quality of support services that drive accountability in the use of scarce financial resources. The research was carried out in the Bo District Council in Sierra Leone's Southern Region. Bo District Council consists of 16 Chiefdoms, 25 Councilors, 3 Paramount Chiefs, 25 Wards, 16 Committees, 11 Constituencies, and 13 Core Staff Members. The study objectives were; i) to assess the level of respondents' perceptions of management support to the internal audit system; ii) to identify the scale of management support to the internal audit effectiveness, and iii) to establish the relationship between management support and internal audit effectiveness. The 13 core staff members were chosen using a stratified sampling process. The study used a descriptive design, with qualitative and quantitative approaches used to discuss the findings. The Crumb Alpha Test was used to conduct the reliability test, which was found to be valid at 0.765. The study's primary findings include: lack of complete support for the audit committee, lack of independence of internal audit system and insufficient budget allocation.Item Charter University Incorporated As against Accredited Institutions: Sierra Leone Case Law Commentary(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2022) Senzu, Emmanuel TweneboahItem Management Control Procedures and Environment of Local Councils, Sierra Leone (Case: Bo and Kenema Districts Councils)(Scientific Research Publishing, 2022) Sheriff, SualihoThe study assessed management control procedures and environment of Local Councils in Sierra Leone with reference to Bo and Kenema Districts Councils. The secondary objectives of the study were, to: 1) assess control procedures on the councils effectiveness; 2) assess control procedures in reducing fraudulent activities; 3) assess control procedures in promoting the councils performance; 4) identify the weaknesses in the control procedures; and 5) assess control procedures in achieving monitoring and supervision at the councils. The approach adopted for the study was a cross-sectional descriptive design, and the data were presented by the use of qualitative and quantitative methods. The target population of the study is twenty-eight (28) core staff members, out of which 26 core staff members were selected from both councils that adhered to control procedures and environment of Bo and Kenema Districts Councils. A simple random sampling selection was used to select 26 core staff by a pre-tested validated questionnaire with the reliability test of (0.765) from the 18th-24th December, 2021. Data collected were analysed using SPSS and excel. Majority of the core staff of Bo and Kenema Districts Councils affirmed that control procedures and environment promote the councils’ operational effectiveness, controls reduce fraudulent and erroneous activities, and controls reduce internal weaknesses/leakages of Local Councils. While majority of core staff strongly opposed that control procedures do not reduce weaknesses and compromise the standards set by the Local Service Commission. A four-point Likert scale utilised, and the data instruments employed include; questionnaire and documentary analysis. In conclusion, Bo District Council displays more supports by complying with its control procedures to enhance performance and reduce control weaknesses. While at Kenema District Council, control procedures aided the councils immensely in terms of minimising its fraudulent activities, improved performance and enhanced monitoring and supervision. The research paper therefore, recommends that the Local Service Commission should make available to the core staff members internal policies, acts and regulations to the 22 local councils in Sierra Leone.Item Delayed Retirement Tactics in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Study of Sierra Leone Amidst Socio-Political and Economic Insecurity(Center for Open Science, 2025-02-07) Dumbuya, EmmanuelThis paper explores the phenomenon of delayed retirement in Sierra Leone, focusing on the underlying socio-political and economic factors that contribute to this trend. Given the insecurity and instability in many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Sierra Leone, older workers are increasingly choosing to remain in the workforce well beyond traditional retirement age. The study delves into the challenges posed by high unemployment rates, inadequate social security systems, and the need for income security. Through qualitative interviews with government officials, retirees, and economists, this research identifies key reasons for delayed retirement and evaluates its impact on both the labor market and the broader economy. The findings underscore the importance of developing comprehensive retirement policies and systems to support an aging workforce and improve economic security in the region.