School-wide publications

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace.njala.edu.sl/handle/20.500.144402/177

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Start date: 2020Has files: No

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    Health and demographic surveillance systems in low- and middle-income countries: history, state of the art and future prospects
    (Taylor & Francis, 2021-10-26) Herbst, Kobus
    Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSS) have been developed in several low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa and Asia. This paper reviews their history, state of the art and future potential and highlights substantial areas of contribution by the late Professor Peter Byass.Historically, HDSS appeared in the second half of the twentieth century, responding to a dearth of accurate population data in poorly resourced settings to contextualise the study of interventions to improve health and well-being. The progress of the development of this network is described starting with Pholela, and progressing through Gwembe, Balabgarh, Niakhar, Matlab, Navrongo, Agincourt, Farafenni, and Butajira, and the emergence of the INDEPTH Network in the early 1990'sThe paper describes the HDSS methodology, data, strengths, and limitations. The strengths are particularly their temporal coverage, detail, dense linkage, and the fact that they exist in chronically under-documented populations in LMICs where HDSS sites operate. The main limitations are generalisability to a national population and a potential Hawthorne effect, whereby the project itself may have changed characteristics of the population.The future will include advances in HDSS data harmonisation, accessibility, and protection. Key applications of the data are to validate and assess bias in other datasets. A strong collaboration between a national HDSS network and the national statistics office is modelled in South Africa and Sierra Leone, and it is possible that other low- to middle-income countries will see the benefit and take this approach.
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    Uncovering Maqoshid Sharia: Safeguarding Ethics in Islamic Economics
    (Inovasi Analisis Data, 2024-06-02) Kaira, Lamin
    This study investigates the relationship between maqoshid sharia and economic practices in Indonesia, aiming to provide insights into how Islamic principles can contribute to sustainable and inclusive economic development. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology grounded in post-positivism, the study examines 89 publications from 2019 to 2023, employing descriptive statistics and an inductive approach to ensure nuanced interpretations. The research highlights the role of maqoshid sharia in adapting Islamic law to contemporary social dynamics, promoting human welfare, and guiding sharia application in economic practices. It categorizes maqoshid sharia into Dharuriyat (necessities), Hajiyat (needs), and Tahsiniyat (enhancements), emphasizing their importance in achieving socio-economic justice. Key contributions in the field include studies on corporate social responsibility, Islamic banking performance, and the foundations of Islamic finance. A bibliometric analysis with VOSViewer maps the development of maqoshid sharia research, identifying major clusters and collaboration patterns among authors. Overall, this study underscores the critical role of maqoshid sharia in shaping ethical economic practices in Indonesia, offering a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between religion, ethics, and economics in a multicultural context, with significant implications for public policy and economic strategies.
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    Evaluating Management Support to the Internal Audit System in Bo District Council, Sierra Leone
    (Scientific Research Publishing, 2021) Sheriff, Sualiho
    One of the daunting challenges facing the effective operations of Local Councils in Sierra Leone, particularly the Bo District Council is the quality of support services that drive accountability in the use of scarce financial resources. It is on this note that the study is intended to assess management supports towards the internal audit system. The study was conducted in Bo District Council located in the Southern Region of Sierra Leone. Bo District Council consists of 16 Chiefdoms, 25 Councilors, 3 Paramount Chiefs, 25 Wards, 16 Committees, 11 Constituencies, and 13 Core Staff Members. The secondary objectives were: 1) to assess the level of respondents’ perceptions on management support to the internal audit system; 2) to identify the scale of management support to the internal audit effectiveness, and 3) to establish the relationship between management support and internal audit effectiveness. The instruments employed for data collection include: questionnaires and documentary analysis. The sample population of the study is thirteen (13) core staff members that represents the sample size of the study, and includes all the departments and units of the Bo District Council. The 13 core staff members were selected by stratified sampling selection technique. The study employed descriptive design and results discussed in qualitative and quantitative methods. The reliability test was conducted 0.765 using the Crumb Alpha Test and was considered valid. The key findings of the study include: Lack of full support to the audit committee; lack of independence of the internal audit system; insufficient allocation of budget. It is recommended that the Local Service Commission should let the internal audit system being independent by creating a directorate of the internal audit department.
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    MODERN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE BEHAVIOUR AND PROPOSED TREND-LIKE FORECASTING MODEL
    (RELX Group (Netherlands), 2020) Senzu, Emmanuel Tweneboah
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    The Advanced Proposed Architecture of Eco-Currency: Technical Analysis of West Africa Single Currency Program
    (2020) Senzu, Emmanuel Tweneboah
    The different target of the time period has been established over the past two decades in the institutionalization of a single currency union in West Africa. Depending on varied reasons the proposed programs have always failed before the set timelines in respect of ECOWAS monetary unification and single currency adoption. As a result, the paper explored and developed its argument based on the existing studies of structured economic shocks, significant to the failure of the single currency union, and its major causal factors. And with observed structured analysis propose catalytic activator method as a theoretical guide to attain the single currency union within three (3) years ahead, if the necessary requirement as the commitment level of members’ State is applied towards the single currency unification program. It then elaborates in the spirit of precision the process required to sustain the eco-currency program in other to elevate members State in an out-date of its domestic currencies struggling as a subservient economic bloc to the adoption of a new anticipated domineering currency in its own merit to shoulder with the global dominating hard currencies.
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    The Rate of Reading Poverty After the COVID-19 Pandemic School Shutdown and Specific Intervention Strategies for Lower Primary School Pupils in the Southern Province and Western Area of Sierra Leone
    (Academy Publication, 2022-07-01) Thulla, Philip Foday Yamba
    The study investigates the rate of reading poverty after the COVID-19 pandemic school shutdown and specific intervention strategies for lower primary school pupils in the southern province and western area of Sierra Leone. Randomised experiments of mixed-methods reading interventions for 100 struggling readers in class 5 and 20 English teachers selected from 10 primary schools (5 in the south and 5 in the Western Area) were carried out. The rate of reading poverty and proficiency was first determined in the selected classes using the Access Center method of reading assessment. Two intervention strategies were administered, and the scores for each intervention strategy were measured and compared. The findings reveal that over 70% of the pupils tested in reading in the south mispronounced or skipped five or more words when reading. The overall scores for pupils in the Western Area were relatively lower (a majority scoring less than 30%). The READ 180 reading intervention strategy is recommended to be introduced as the preferred teaching method at the pre-primary and primary school levels in Sierra Leone because of its proven potentiality to increase reading proficiency more than the popular Direct-teaching Model.
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    Assessing Management Supports to the Internal Audit System in Bo District Council, Sierra Leone
    (Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2022-05-17) Sheriff, Sualiho
    The study intended to assess one of the daunting challenges facing the effective operations of Local Councils in Sierra Leone particularly the Bo District Council is the quality of support services that drive accountability in the use of scarce financial resources. The research was carried out in the Bo District Council in Sierra Leone's Southern Region. Bo District Council consists of 16 Chiefdoms, 25 Councilors, 3 Paramount Chiefs, 25 Wards, 16 Committees, 11 Constituencies, and 13 Core Staff Members. The study objectives were; i) to assess the level of respondents' perceptions of management support to the internal audit system; ii) to identify the scale of management support to the internal audit effectiveness, and iii) to establish the relationship between management support and internal audit effectiveness. The 13 core staff members were chosen using a stratified sampling process. The study used a descriptive design, with qualitative and quantitative approaches used to discuss the findings. The Crumb Alpha Test was used to conduct the reliability test, which was found to be valid at 0.765. The study's primary findings include: lack of complete support for the audit committee, lack of independence of internal audit system and insufficient budget allocation.
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    Charter University Incorporated As against Accredited Institutions: Sierra Leone Case Law Commentary
    (RELX Group (Netherlands), 2022) Senzu, Emmanuel Tweneboah
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    Delayed Retirement Tactics in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Study of Sierra Leone Amidst Socio-Political and Economic Insecurity
    (Center for Open Science, 2025-02-07) Dumbuya, Emmanuel
    This paper explores the phenomenon of delayed retirement in Sierra Leone, focusing on the underlying socio-political and economic factors that contribute to this trend. Given the insecurity and instability in many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Sierra Leone, older workers are increasingly choosing to remain in the workforce well beyond traditional retirement age. The study delves into the challenges posed by high unemployment rates, inadequate social security systems, and the need for income security. Through qualitative interviews with government officials, retirees, and economists, this research identifies key reasons for delayed retirement and evaluates its impact on both the labor market and the broader economy. The findings underscore the importance of developing comprehensive retirement policies and systems to support an aging workforce and improve economic security in the region.
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    Disruptive Technology of the Banking and Finance Market: Pedagogical Guide to Its Labour Design
    (RELX Group (Netherlands), 2022) Senzu, Emmanuel Tweneboah