Browsing by Author "Kallon, Sanpha"

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Broiler, Layer Production Costs and Returns at Animal Production Division (APD) Njala University, Sierra Leone West Africa
(2022-03-05) Kallon, Sanpha
This study details a profitability analysis on a flock of broilers and layers raised for the purpose of meat and egg production. Production (input) costs and sales (output) prices were used to determine the feasibility of growing broilers and layers in the region. The flock was introduced into the poultry house in January11th, 2020 and managed until final egg lying and spent chickens sold as broilers, on June 20th, 2020. Total production cost was, Le945, 260, 000 (cost of feed, cost of day old chicks, labor salaries, electricity cost, and other miscellaneous costs). The flock produced 30753.7902kg of meat at a market selling price of Le40, 000 per spent bird gives a total sum of Le198, 900, 000. Hundred and twenty-three thousand three hundred (123, 300) dozens of eggs at Le 18, 000 per dozen made a total ofLe2, 223, 000, 000. Manure amounted to 51 bags at Le 50, 000 per bag which gives Le 2, 550, 000. Thus, total sales wereLe2, 424, 450, 000, resulting in a net profit of Le1, 479, 190, 000. Conclusively the research revealed that there was a high profit margin due to proper management practices.
Dietary Behavioural Patterns of Urban Women Dwellers and Health Risk of Obesity (A Case Study of Freetown Municipality)
(2022-04-05) Kallon, Sanpha
This study was conducted to determine the dietary behavioural patterns of urban women dwellers and health risk of obesity. Data collected from 300 respondents through well-structured and pre-tested questionnaire.Statistical package for social science (SPSS) software and simple descriptive statistics involving mean, mode, percentages and Chi square used and results presented in tables and charts. Result of the analysis showed that thirty percent (30%) of the respondents were victims of obesity and were between the age brackets 15-47 years (Figure 6). A Chi Square hypothesis used and confirmed that overweight and obesity is associated with socio demographic characteristics, regular food meal consumption frequency and low physical activity levels are the three main modifiable factors for being overweight and obese. (Table 3). Majority (70%) of the respondents occupied themselves in sedentary activities and only 30% engaged in physical activities. \[Jogging, aerobics, cardiovascular, and cycling\] (Figure3). The prevalence of overweight and obesity within this population was relatively high (65%) thus the respondents experienced breathlessness, and 35% experienced sleep apnea(Figure5). Other symptoms include knee pain (43%), back pain (37%) and heel pain (20%). (Figure 4). Conclusively there are increased comorbidities associated with a higher BMI, reduced productivity, premature mortality, increased medical cost and effect on the economy.
The Effect of cassava grits and Local Maize alone or the combination on the performance of Broilers at Animal Production Division Njala University
(European Organization for Nuclear Research, 2026-09-01) Kallon, Sanpha
A seven-week study was carried out using -day old chicks. Thirty chicks were assigned to a pen in a large room with each chick having a floor space of 2sq.ft. To evaluate the effect of cassava grits and maize alone or the combination on the growth performance of Broilers The chicks were fed ad-lib. The birds were weighed weekly and weight gained was recorded. Variables measured included feed intake, water intake, weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. The effect of maize and cassava alone or in combination as energy source for broilers was tested. The two rations namely wheat meal feed and imported broiler concentrates were added to the cassava grit and maize as indicated in the study. All the rations contained nearly equal amounts of protein but the inclusion rates of concentrates and wheat meal feed differ. Also oyster shell was added to treatment A in order to meet calcium requirement but the requirement for phosphorus was highest for treatment C. The content of lysine and methionine vary from 1.42, 1.78 and 0.9 respectively. These were above normal requirement to the stated nutrients. Result indicated that feed intake did not differ much but it tended to be highest in treatment C which contained only maize. This was followed by treatment B and it was lowest in treatment A. Weight gains did not also differ much. They tend to be highest in treatment C followed by treatment B and lowest in treatment A. Water intake was highest in C followed by B and then A. Conclusively with regards, weights and water intake, the cassava containing diets (A and B) were much inferior compared with maize. This was clearly proven by the linear regression imposed with regards weights. The A and B rations though inferior were not significantly different from the result obtained from C. In fact, in the earlier ages of the birds there was no marked difference between all the three treatments. The differences between C and others became pronounced only after four (4) weeks and increasingly so afterwards. The cost of various rations showed that ration B (cassava and maize in combination) was higher in cost followed by A and C. Treatment C had the lowest inclusion rate of concentrate and thus the price per 50kg which is NLe158.34 was lowest. Therefore, the limiting factor in the preparation of feed for poultry is concentrates and it cost is exorbitant. With regards feed cost, ration A was the most expensive but less superior. Ration C was the least expensive but the most superior. However, the high cost of maize may be escalated by substantial losses during storage; also availability of this product may be strictly seasonal thus nullifying the benefit. Or economic returns.in the use of maize.